Professor Lee Brammer
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Professor of Inorganic and Solid State Chemistry
Full contact details
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Dainton Building
13 Brook Hill
葫芦影业
S3 7HF
- Profile
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Prof. Brammer obtained his BSc in Chemistry from the University of Bristol in 1983, which was followed by a PhD in Inorganic Chemistry from the same institution in 1987. After a NATO Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of New Orleans (1987-88) and a Postdoctoral Fellowship at Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York (1989-90), he became an Assistant Professor and subsequently an Associate Professor at the University of Missouri-St. Louis (1990-2001). Since 2001 he has been in 葫芦影业, first as Reader, but since 2008 as Professor of Chemistry.
- Qualifications
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- Member, British Crystallographic Association (President, 2015-18)
- Research interests
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Our current research can be divided, broadly speaking, into three areas: (i) inorganic supramolecular chemistry, (ii) porous coordination framework materials, and (iii) reactions in molecular crystals.
Inorganic Supramolecular Chemistry
Work in this area involves the use of transition metals to influence the construction and properties of supramolecular assemblies in the solid state (crystal engineering) and in solution. We have a number of ongoing projects in this area, but the principal focus is on (a) detailed study of intermolecular interactions using various experimental and computational methods, and (b) the application of the knowledge gained to the construction of network solids (infinite assemblies). Specific systems being studied include:
- recognition of hydrogen bond donors by halometallate ions and use of halometallates as nodes in hydrogen bonded network construction;
- linking coordination compounds or organometallic compounds into networks using peripherally situated ligand-centred hydrogen bonds;
- understanding halogen bonding and the use of halogen bonding as a strong directional interaction that is a viable alternative to hydrogen bonding in supramolecular assembly.
Porous Coordination Framework Materials
Framework materials based upon coordination chemistry, often known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), provide a highly versatile alternative to well-established porous materials such as zeolites. Their synthesis is based upon molecular chemistry and they are typically constructed as crystalline network solids using metal centres as nodes which are linked via organic bridging ligands. Applications range from sorption and storage of gases (including hydrogen) and volatile pollutants, to host-guest chemistry for chemical separations and even catalysis. Current efforts in our group are focused on flexible, responsive materials and upon functionalised materials tailored to specific applications. Studies involve synthesis, characterisation by diffraction methods (single crystal, powder) and by a range of other techniques including thermal analyses and spectroscopy.
Facilities
Our research is based in excellent modern synthetic laboratories built in 2003, with an accompanying office suite for students and postdocs. The department maintains excellent instrumentation facilities for spectroscopy (NMR, IR, MS) and we have an outstanding X-ray diffraction facility that is crucial in characterisation of the crystalline materials that we study. We also make extensive use of major national and international facilities for diffraction, in particular high flux synchrotron X-ray facilities in the UK (Daresbury SRS and in future Diamond) and at the ESRF in Grenoble, France.
General
My general philosophy is to make use of a variety of approaches and techniques in pursuing research goals. A better overall understanding is developed by such an approach. Thus, students and postdocs have the opportunity to be exposed to many aspects of chemistry, while perhaps developing greater expertise or interests in certain aspects of a project. Many projects involve some synthesis of organic, organometallic and/or coordination compounds, and will involve supramolecular synthesis and/or materials synthesis methods (e.g. solvothermal synthesis). NMR and IR spectroscopy are widely employed and extensive use is made of diffraction methods, particularly single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, but also neutron diffraction. Materials characterization methods (e.g. DSC, TGA) are also used where needed and computational chemistry is used to support efforts in other areas. Where appropriate the work is conducted within the research group, but collaborative efforts with other research groups have always proven important in our work. We have established collaborations in areas of synthetic and computational chemistry, diffraction and materials characterisation such as gas sorption and magnetic measurements. Such collaborations often provide opportunities for group members to visit and work in other research labs.
Selected Reviews and book chapters
- 鈥淐ombining metals with halogen bonds,鈥 L. Brammer, G. M铆nguez Espallargas and S. Libri, CrystEngComm, 2008, 10, 1712-1727.
- 鈥淣ew trends in crystal engineering,鈥 D. Braga, L. Brammer and N. R. Champness, CrystEngComm, 2005, 7, 1-19.
- 鈥淒evelopments in inorganic crystal engineering,鈥 L. Brammer, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2004, 34, 476-489.
- 鈥淢etals and Hydrogen Bonds,鈥 L. Brammer, Dalton Trans., 2003, 3145-3157. (Perspective article)
- 鈥淗ydrogen Bonds in Inorganic Chemistry: Application to Crystal Design,鈥 L. Brammer, in "Perspectives in Supramolecular Chemistry, Vol 7: Crystal Design 鈥 Structure and Function", ed. G. R. Desiraju, Wiley, 2003, pp 1-75.
- Publications
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Journal articles
- . Angewandte Chemie.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, 79(a2), C139-C139.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, 79(a2), C319-C319.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry, 79(6), 204-216.
- . Chemistry 鈥 A European Journal.
- . Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
- . Angewandte Chemie.
- . Faraday Discussions, 225, 133-151.
- . Inorganic Chemistry, 58(16), 10837-10845.
- . Chemistry 鈥 A European Journal, 25(39), 9237-9241.
- . Angewandte Chemie, 130(17), 4622-4627.
- . Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 57(17), 4532-4537.
- . Chemical Science, 9(15), 3767-3781.
- . Inorganic Chemistry, 57(3), 1171-1183.
- . Faraday Discuss.
- . Faraday Discussions, 203, 227-244.
- . Faraday Discuss., 203, 459-483.
- . Faraday Discussions, 203, 131-163.
- . Faraday Discussions, 203, 347-370.
- . Chem Soc Rev, 46, 5444-5462.
- . Chemical Science, 8(8), 5392-5398.
- . CrystEngComm, 19(26), 3592-3599.
- . Angewandte Chemie, 129(20), 5619-5622.
- . Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 56(20), 5527-5530.
- . Nature Chemistry, 9, 882-889.
- . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 375(2084).
- . Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 3(10), 1297-1305.
- . Chemistry - A European Journal, 22(37), 13120-13126.
- . Chem. Sci., 7(3), 2037-2050.
- . Journal of the American Chemical Society, 137(36), 11820-11831.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, 71(a1), s132-s132.
- . Chemistry - A European Journal, 21(24), 8799-8811.
- . IUCrJ, 2(2), 188-197.
- . CrystEngComm, 16(41), 9711-9720.
- . Chem. Sci., 5(11), 4179-4183.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, 70(a1), C908-C908.
- . Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater, 70(Pt 3), 404-422.
- . Journal of the American Chemical Society, 136(4), 1288-1291.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 69(a1), s156-s156.
- . Chemistry, 19(11), 3552-3557.
- . Chemical Science, 4(2), 696-708.
- . CrystEngComm, 15(16), 3151-3159.
- . CrystEngComm, 15(16), 3160-3167.
- . NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 3.
- . CrystEngComm, 14(9), 3033-3038.
- . CrystEngComm, 14(20), 6381-6383.
- . Crystal Growth and Design, 12(1), 205-216.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 67(a1), C136-C136.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 13(13), 4400-4404.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 13(9), 3189-3196.
- . Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133(36), 14338-14348.
- . Angewandte Chemie, 122(47), 9076-9080.
- . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 49(47), 8892-8896.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 12(8), 2339-2342.
- . Chemistry, 15(31), 7554-7568.
- . Inorg Chem, 48(4), 1666-1677.
- . Inorg Chem, 47(24), 11551-11560.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, 64(a1), C92-C93.
- . J Am Chem Soc, 130(28), 9058-9071.
- . J Am Chem Soc, 130(25), 7842-7844.
- . Angewandte Chemie, 120(9), 1717-1721.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 10(12), 1712-1727.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 10(10), 1335-1344.
- . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 47(9), 1693-1697.
- . J Am Chem Soc, 129(50), 15606-15614.
- . Chem Commun (Camb)(15), 1532-1534.
- . Acta Crystallogr B, 62(Pt 5), 808-814.
- . J Am Chem Soc, 128(30), 9584-9585.
- . CRYST GROWTH DES, 6(6), 1374-1379.
- . Angewandte Chemie, 118(3), 449-454.
- . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl, 45(3), 435-440.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 8(5), 425-431.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 8(6), 473-476.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 7, 350-354.
- . J AM CHEM SOC, 127(16), 5979-5989.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 7, 1-19.
- . CrystEngComm, 7(10), 76-76.
- . CrystEngComm, 6(1), 1-1.
- . Chem Soc Rev, 33(8), 476-489.
- . Acta Crystallogr B, 60(Pt 5), 512-519.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 5, 343-345.
- . DALTON T(16), 3145-3157.
- . SUPRAMOL CHEM, 15(5), 385-390.
- . NEW J CHEM, 27(7), 1084-1094.
- . CRYSTENGCOMM, 239-248.
- . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99(8), 4956-4961.
- . Organometallics, 21(10), 2030-2032.
- . J CHEM SOC DALTON(22), 4134-4142.
- . CRYST GROWTH DES, 1(4), 277-290.
- . Organometallics, 20(26), 5670-5674.
- Silver(I) carboxylates: versatile inorganic analogs of carboxylic acids for supramolecular network formation. CHEM COMMUN(23), 2468-2469.
- . JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, 609(1-2), 36-43.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(21), 3855-3867.
- Crystal growth, structure characterization, and schemes for economic transport - An integrated approach to the study of natural gas hydrates. GAS HYDRATES: CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE, 912, 940-949.
- . NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 23(10), 965-968.
- . NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 23(5), 461-463.
- Hydrogen bonding in substituted-ammonium salts of the tetracarbonylcobaltate(-I) anion: some insights into potential roles for transition metals in organometallic crystal engineering. COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS, 183, 43-80.
- . JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 121(6), 1381-1382.
- . Acta Crystallographica Section C: Crystal Structure Communications, 54(12), 1799-1802.
- N-H center dot center dot center dot N, N-H center dot center dot center dot O and N-H center dot center dot center dot pi(CO) hydrogen bonding in [N,N-bis(2-amino-ethyl)-2-aminoethyl]ammonium tetra-carbonylcobaltate(1-). ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS, 54, 1799-1802.
- Supramolecular assembly of anion-channel and anion-layer structures of [PtL4]X-2 (L = nicotinamide; X = Cl or PF6): surprisingly robust arene ring 'herringbone' motifs and adaptable amide-amide hydrogen bonding. NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 22(12), 1315-1318.
- . INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 37(24), 6317-6328.
- . Inorg Chem, 37(21), 5512-5518.
- . Inorg Chem, 37(19), 4756-4757.
- Bis[tris(2-aminoethyl)amine]cobalt(II)bis[tetracarbonylcobaltate(1-)]. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS, 54, 757-760.
- . CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(6), 653-654.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 17(1), 104-110.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 16(23), 5120-5123.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 15(19), 3972-3979.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 15(6), 1721-1727.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 15(5), 1441-1445.
- . JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, 499(1-2), 89-98.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 14(8), 3980-3987.
- . ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS, 51, 632-640.
- . ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS, 51, 565-567.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 14(4), 1700-1711.
- . ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS, 51, 45-48.
- . INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 33(25), 5897-5902.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(13), 1531-1532.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 13(5), 1545-1547.
- . INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 32(22), 4819-4824.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(11), 1747-1759.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 11(7), 2339-2341.
- . JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 114(13), 5125-5130.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(7), 1789-1798.
- TRANSITION-METAL HYDRIDE COMPLEXES AS LEWIS-BASES - PREPARATION AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF (RR,SS)-([(ETA-5-C5H5)RU(PPH3)(CNTBU)]2(MU-H))PF6.CH2CL2. JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, 406(1-2), 197-207.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(4), 241-243.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(6), 1957-1969.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(12), S1-S83.
- . ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS, 45, 400-403.
- . ORGANOMETALLICS, 7(6), 1259-1265.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2(12), S1-S19.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(6), 443-445.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(15), 1226-1228.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS(3), 657-667.
- . JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS(20), 1409-1411.
- . Faraday Discussions.
- . Faraday Discussions.
- . Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
- . Faraday Discussions.
- . Nanoscale.
- . Chemical Communications.
- . Faraday Discussions, 231, 127-144.
- . Faraday Discussions, 231, 384-396.
- . Faraday Discussions.
- . Faraday Discussions, 225, 431-441.
- . Faraday Discussions, 225, 341-357.
- . Faraday Discussions, 225, 152-167.
Chapters
- , Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry III (pp. 573-603). Elsevier
- , Making Crystals by Design: Methods, Techniques and Applications (pp. 241-265).
- Structure and Bonding in Organometallic Compounds: Diffraction Methods In Parkin G (Ed.), Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry III (pp. 573-604). Elsevier
- Diffraction Studies in Crystal Engineering In Braga D & Grepioni F (Ed.), Making Crystals by Design (pp. 241-265). Wiley
- Complementary features of inorganic and organic halogens: application to crystal engineering, Transactions of the American Crystallographic Association (pp. 114-122). American Crystallographic Association
- Hydrogen Bonds in Inorganic Chemistry: Application to Crystal Design In Desiraju GR (Ed.), Crystal Design: Structure and Function (pp. 1-75). Wiley
- Direct and indirect roles of metal centres in hydrogen bonding (pp. 197-210).
- , NATO ASI Series (pp. 353-356). Springer US
- , International Tables for Crystallography (pp. 812-896). International Union of Crystallography
- , International Tables for Crystallography (pp. 790-811). International Union of Crystallography
Conference proceedings papers
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 77(a2) (pp C61-C61)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 75(a2) (pp e515-e515)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 73(a2) (pp C597-C597)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 71(a1) (pp s129-s129)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances, Vol. 71(a1) (pp s87-s87)
- Halogen bonds to transition metal hydride complexes. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 248
- Hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds: solid-state, solution-phase and theory. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES, Vol. 70 (pp C597-C597)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 69(a1) (pp s277-s277)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 69(a1) (pp s633-s633)
- Halogen bonds in inorganic chemistry. ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S, Vol. 238
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 65(a1) (pp s297-s298)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 65(a1) (pp s283-s284)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 64(a1) (pp C81-C81)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 62(a1) (pp s281-s281)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 62(a1) (pp s4-s4)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 61(a1) (pp c362-c362)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 61(a1) (pp c362-c362)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 61(a1) (pp c356-c357)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 58(s1) (pp c226-c226)
- Self-assembly of transition metal coordination polymers and metallapolygons using pyrimidine derivatives.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 222 (pp U599-U599)
- RuCl2(PPh3)(3) and hydrosilanes: Travels along a very bumpy reaction manifold.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 221 (pp U689-U689)
- Design of hydrogen-bonded materials based on perhalometallates.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 219 (pp U824-U824)
- An assessment of C-H donors and of halogen acceptors in inorganic hydrogen bonding.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 216 (pp U79-U79)
- Exploitation of hydrogen bonds in linking inorganic molecules.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 216 (pp U86-U86)
- Modelling inorganic structure and reactivity: Hybrid ab-initio/classical models for complex systems and environmental effects.. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 212 (pp 101-COMP)
- . Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography, Vol. 52(a1) (pp C285-C285)
- CRYSTAL AND MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE OF MU,2'-SNPH2(B5H8)2 AND MU,1'SNPH2(B5H8)2 - THE 1ST STRUCTURALLY CHARACTERIZED EXAMPLES OF 2 PENTABORANE CAGES LINKED BY A SINGLE HETEROATOM. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 208 (pp 13-INOR)
- X-RAY AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF THE SALTS R3NH+CO(CO)3L-(L = CO, PR3) - COMPOUNDS CONTAINING N-H...CO HYDROGEN-BONDS. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 208 (pp 32-INOR)
- ASPECTS OF MONOCYCLOPENTADIENYL LANTHANIDE CHEMISTRY - SYNTHESIS, AND REACTIVITY WITH OLEFINS AND DIENES, OF [Y(C5ME5)(OAR)(MU-H)]2. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 207 (pp 215-INOR)
- TRANSITION-METALS AS HYDROGEN-BOND ACCEPTORS. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 206 (pp 240-INOR)
- . CrystEngComm, Vol. 6(43) (pp E3-E3)
Preprints
- Teaching interests
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- Chemistry with Study Abroad
- Inorganic Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry, Crystallography, Supramolecular and Materials Chemistry
- Teaching activities
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Undergraduate and postgraduate taught modules
- Introduction to Solid State Chemistry (Level 2)
The course introduces the structural aspects of solid state chemistry, including how crystalline solids can be desribed in terms of lattices, unit cells and space group symmetry. - Diffraction Techniques in Structural Chemistry (Level 3)
The course provides an introduction to single crystal X-ray diffraction methods used to determine the structure of solid compounds. - Crystal Engineering: Supramolecular Assembly to Materials (Level 4)
This advanced course discusses how control over crystal structure, through crystal design and synthesis, offers the prospect of designer materials with designed properties.
Support Teaching:
- Tutorials: Level 2 Inorganic Chemistry.
Laboratory Teaching:
- Level 2 Inorganic Laboratories
- Level 3 Research Project
- Level 4 Research Project
- Introduction to Solid State Chemistry (Level 2)